Of course, all our cycles are different, so our fertile days can vary.Ĩ8% effective with typical use and 95% effective with perfect use (standard days calendar method). The calendar method is based on the average length of menstrual cycles which predicts that most women are fertile for about two weeks before they get their period. How does the calendar method work?Ĭalendar methods works by abstaining from sex during the fertile window, which can be roughly worked out by counting cycle length and calculating fertile days. There are a couple of types of calendar methods, but in simple terms, this fertility awareness method requires women to track their cycles to identify when they are most fertile. They still used today and there are now apps that modernize this hormone-free birth control option. The calendar method (fertility awareness)Īn ancient type of birth control, calendar methods have been around for centuries. >99% effective with typical use and >99% effective with perfect use. The NuvaRing must be worn for 3 weeks, with a one week break when users will experience a withdrawal bleed, as with the pill – this is not the same as a regular period. The ring is inserted into the vagina where the hormones are absorbed over time. Like other hormonal methods, the NuvaRing works by suppressing ovulation. The ring contains both estrogen and progesterone. It was approved for use in the US in 2001 and, since then, it has gained popularity as a hormonal birth control option. In terms of birth control options, NuvaRing is a relatively new player on the pitch. IUDs have very high effectiveness because they require no work once they are inserted.
The hormonal IUD releases progesterone, which thickens cervical mucus, stops implantation of a fertilized egg, and, in some cases, prevents ovulation. The copper IUD works by creating a hostile environment in the womb and fallopian tubes where sperm can’t survive. Both versions require insertion into the uterus by a doctor or a nurse.
There are two common versions of the IUD: a plastic, hormonal IUD and a copper, non-hormonal IUD – which is also known as the coil. Like the pill and condoms, IUDs come in several different forms and once fitted, they work for between 3 and 5 years. One of the reasons the IUD is so popular is because of its high effectiveness rate, as it doesn’t require women to do anything to prevent pregnancy once the device is fitted. The first plastic IUD appeared in the 1960s and they remain a popular long-term option for women today. Intrauterine devices, or IUDs, are a type of long-acting reversible contraception. Condoms are also widely used to protect against sexually transmitted infections which gives them an advantage over other non-barrier methods.Ĩ7% effective with typical use and 98% effective with perfect use. There are two versions of the condom, the more common external condom worn on the penis, and the internal condom which is inserted into the vagina. How do condoms work?Ĭondoms work as a barrier method, by physically preventing egg and sperm from meeting. The invention of vulcanized rubber in 1839 really improved things for prophylactics and the condom is much safer and sophisticated today. Back then it was common for sheaths to be made from animal intestines. The condom has had a long and complicated history and thankfully it has evolved into something more user-friendly than it was 400 years ago. Just like other birth control methods, the pill is not 100% effective.ĩ3% effective with typical use and >99% effective with perfect use. The mini pill contains only progesterone, while the combined pill has both progestogen and estrogen. There are two different types of the pill: the combined pill and the mini pill. Another way is by thickening cervical mucus, which makes it harder for the sperm to reach the egg. This means an egg cell is not released from the ovaries, as it is in a regular menstrual cycle. One way is by releasing hormones that stop ovulation from happening. The pill works in several different ways. Still a popular option today, the pill comes in various forms with different levels of hormones. Iconic in its creation – the pill changed the landscape of family planning and is synonymous with the swinging 60s and women’s liberation. When we think about birth control, for many of us our minds will go straight to a packet of pills. Now let’s take a deeper dive into these methods, their history and how they are used today.
Thankfully in the 21st century, there are regulations that help make birth control options safe. Birth control hasn’t always been backed by science, there have been a number of different types of birth control through history – some more bizarre than others.
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